Knowledge - Students should be able to :

1. Differentiate hemoptysis from hematemesis and/or nasopharyngeal sources of bleeding.
2. Create an appropriate differential diagnosis for etiologies of hemoptysis.
3. Differentiate massive from "regular" hemoptysis.
4. Identify the signs and symptoms associated with common causes of both massive and regular hemoptysis:

   
   

   Massive:	Regular:
   tuberculosis	bronchiectasis
   bronchiectasis	lung cancer
   chronic necrotizing pneumonia	cryptogenic
   lung abscess	chronic bronchitis

    

5. Construct an appropriate diagnostic and treatment plan for the evaluation and management of patients presenting with hemoptysis.  

Skills - Students should be able to:

1. Obtain the Historical and Physical Examination data pertinent to the evaluation of patients presenting with hemoptysis.
2. Appropriately interpret the results of standard laboratory data related to the evaluation of patients with hemoptysis.
3. Communicate and appropriately counsel/educate patients regarding their symptoms, test results, diagnosis, treatment options, and prognosis.
4. Be able to obtain an ABG and place a PPD.
5. Initiate an appropriate initial treatment plan.  

Attitudes and Professional Behaviors - Students should be able to:

1. Recognize the potential life-threatening significance of hemoptysis.
2. Appreciate the impact of hemoptysis on many patients'  psychological well-being, especially as it relates to concerns of potential lung cancer.

  Recommended Readings:

1. Braunwald, E. In Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 1998, 14th Edition, P196-198.