If you have read the assigned topics you should have no
trouble in answering these questions. If you are not sure of the answers, please
read the assigned topics before trying to tackle the case.
1. Alkaline phosphatase in serum is due to
- Osteoclastic activity
- Osteoblastic activity
2. Osteoclasts are
- Multinucleated giant cells
- Derived from mononuclear phagocytic cells
- Destroy bone as part of remodeling process
- Stimulated by PTH
- All of the above
3. Main function of PTH is to control the level of ionized
calcium in extracellular fluid
- Stimulates osteolysis by osteoclasts that release calcium
and phosphate into extracellular fluid
- Increases renal tubular reabsorptiion of calcium and
magnesium
- Decreases the renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate and
bicarbonate. This helps to get rid of phosphate which tends to reduce
ionized calcium
- Increases synthesis of vitamin D, enhancing intestinal
absorption of calcium
- All of the above
4. Familial benign hypercalcemia
- Serum calcium in relatives is elevated
- Urine calcium increased
- Asymptomatic
- No therapy needed
- All of the above
5. In treating hypercalcemia the best agent for hydration is
- Normal saline
- Half normal saline
- Dextrose in water
- 10% dextrose in water
6. The best diuretic to inhibit calcium absorption in kidney is
- Thiazide
- Furosemide
- Neither
7. Mithramycin
- Diminishes osteoclastic activity
- Diminishes osteoblastic activity
8. Osteoporosis
- Diffuse reduction in the amount of bone
- Normal composition of the residual bone
- Relative increase in the rate of destruction
- All of the above
9. In osteoporosis
- Serum calcium, phosphorous and alkaline phosphatase are
normal
- Serum calcium is elevated, phosphorous and alkaline
phosphatase are normal
- Serum calcium and phosphorous are normal, alkaline
phosphatase is elevated
10. In Paget's
- Serum calcium, phosphorous and alkaline phosphatase are
normal
- Serum calcium is elevated, phosphorous and alkaline
phosphatase are normal
- Serum calcium and phosphorous are normal, alkaline
phosphatase is elevated
11. Calcitonin
- Inhibits osteoclastic activity.
- Administered by nasal route
- Useful in Paget's, hypercalcemia
- Decreases PTH-mediated bone resorption
- Increases renal calcium clearance
- All of the above
12. Aldronate
- Useful in Paget's disease
- More potent than calcitonin and etindronate
- Will cause normalization of alkaline phosphotase
- All of the above
13. Side effect of Aldronate
- Stomatitis
- Esophageal ulcer
- Gastric ulcer
- All of the above
- None of the above