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Bony parts of thoracic wall |
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Vertebrae (T1-T12) |
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Ribs
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Sternum
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The thoracic inlet (superior aperture) is bounded by the manubrium, first rib, and T1 vertebra.
The thoracic outlet (inferior aperture) is bounded by the xiphoid process, costal arch, the rib 12. This aperture is closed off by the diaphragm.
John A. McNulty | Last Updated: March 28, 1996 Created: 1 March 1996 |