• 1) the anterior view of the chest wall
• 2) their relationships to the ribs
• 3) with the heart superimposed.

Aortic semilunar valve
Note that the surface projection is behind the sternum opposite the 3rd intercostal space whereas the valve is ausculated at the second intercostal space to the right the body of the sternum.

Pulmonary semilunar valve
The surface projection is on the left side of the sternum opposite the left 3rd intercostal junction whereas the valve is ausculated on the left side of the sternum at the 2nd intercostal junction.

Tricuspid valve
The surface projection is behind the sternum opposite the 4-5th intercostal junction whereas the valve is ausculated at the lower left quadrant of the body of the sternum where the "bare area" is.

Bicuspid valve
The surface projection is to the left of the 4th intercostal junction whereas the valve is ausculated at the 5th intercostal space in the mid-clavicular line.