Specific: Comparative ultrastructure of the vertebrate pineal complex; cellular mechanisms
of photoneuroendocrine transduction and secretion; correlative ultrastructure and biochemistry of pinealocytes
over circadian and circannual cycles; regulation of indole metabolism and uptake; interactions of the
neuroendocrine and immune systems; neural transplantation; growth factors and pinealocyte differentiation in
culture; pigment cell biology.