Abnormal Finding
- Size
- Enlarged: (Hydrocephalus, Acromegaly, Paget's disease)
- Smaller: (Microcephaly)
- Skull symmetry and evenness
- Bumps: (Healed fractures, hematoma, Paget's disease)
- Depressions (Fractures, post-surgical, burr holes)
- Hair
- Hair loss
- Diffuse Hair loss: (Chemotherapy, Following an acute serious illness)
- Well circumcised coin shaped area of hair loss. Alopecia areata (SLE)
- Texture
- Diffuse hair thinning Fine hair: (Thyrotoxicosis, Iron def, stress, syphilis)
- Coarse hair: (Hypothyroidism)
- Scalp: Similar to disease of the skin.
- Cysts
- Nevi
- Nevus flammeus: (Vascular birth mark at posterior base of skull and neck)
- Moles
- Loose white flakes: (Dandruff)
- Tiny white ovoid nits: (Lice infestation)
- Redness and scaling: (Seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis)
- Fungal infection