Knowledge Base
- Anatomy of neck veins
- Internal jugular vein
- Deep behind sternoclidomastoid muscle
- From the angle between sternal and clavicular head of sternomastoid to angle of neck
- External jugular vein
- Clinical methods for estimation of central venous pressure.
- Physiology of a, c, v waves.
- a: atrial contracion
- v: venous filling
- x descent: atrial relaxation
- y descent venous emtying
- c: not easily visible
- Effect of respiration and pleural negative pressure on atrial filling.
- Increased intrathoracic negative pressure facilitates venous return and filling of atrium
- Hence neck veins decrease in height during inspiration
- Conditions causing venous distension and prominent a or c or v waves.
- Anatomical relationship to neck muscles and carotid artery.
- Hepatojugular reflux.
Ref:
- Bates, A Guide to Physical Exam.